Kapustin Yar was set up by decree on 13 May 1946. From 1947 to 1957 it served as the Soviet Union's main ballistic missile test site, and popular culture later named it the Russian Roswell. In 1989, a domed disc was reported over the base, a case preserved in the KGB Blue Folder alongside the Mineralnye Vody airliner sightings. Two Soviet Army units stood north-east of the town, one marked as a transmission centre, the other a liquidation base. In 1991, during the Shaitan Mazar events, Kapustin Yar confirmed a radar track over the Caspian Sea.
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