T H E D E F E N S E O F A U S T R A L I A
immediately assembled and put into pera at ion.^ For all practical pur-
poses, therefore, the American air forces on Luzon continued to be
the remnant of the 24th Pursuit Group, which had survived the
enemy’s initial assault-a handful of planes and fifteen pilots, who all
too aptly came to be described as the Bataan Field Flying Detach-
ment. Brig. Gen. Harold H. George of the interceptor command
directed its varied operations, supervised the maintenance of its dwin-
dling number of planes, and attended to the training of personnel in
the elementary problems existent in the field; and as the planes one
by one were shot down or worn out, he selected the air and ground
personnel that would be reassigned to infantry units whose rosters
already included many representatives of the 27th, 24th, and 19th
groups. There were problems of adjustment to unfamiliar assignments
as the pilot led his ground crew against some enemy strongpoint or
rallied soldiers trained primarily as mechanics to defend a bit of land
that for the moment was American, but there was nothing unfamiliar
about the odds to be f a ~ e d . ~
T h e missions undertaken by the American pilots from Bataan fields
were described by General George as “the hardest and the most
dangerous.” T h e primary task was that of reconnaissance, and of
occasional patrol of the forward areas. Important, too, was the
attempted defense of our own area against enemy attack. N o w and
again it proved possible to strafe enemy communications, and on one
occasion in February even to mount a mission against Nichols and
Nielson fields by seven P-401s, which in addition to strafing dropped
fragmentation bombs. Filipino agents later reported loss to the enemy
of fourteen planes destroyed on the ground and the killing of many
Japanese. Once again, on 2 March, four P-qO’S, equipped with an
attachment for a goo-lb. bomb designed by Warrant Officer Jack E.
Bay, were led by Capt. William E. Dyess, Jr., in an attack on ship-
ping in Subic Bay. Although one P-40 was shot down and the remain-
ing three crashed on landing, apparently two transports had been sunk
and other small boats damaged.6 As the Japanese blockade tightened,
even P-40’s were pressed into service as transport planes. In addition
to an occasional mission for the transportation of medical supplies
from Mindanao to Bataan, they dropped supplies to isolated units on
the ground and sometimes carried passengers crowded into the bag-
gage compartment. As malnutrition, dysentery, and malaria wore
down the American soldiers, a few aircraft that were useless for com-
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