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Symposium on unidentified flying objects: hearings before the Committee on Science and Astronautics, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninetieth Congress, second session, July 29, 1968.

U.S. House of Representatives · 1968-07-29 · 256 pages · text from the file's own layer

This is the printed record of a July 29, 1968 symposium on unidentified flying objects held by the Committee on Science and Astronautics of the U.S. House of Representatives, chaired by Rep. J. Edward Roush. The committee heard statements from six scientists: J. Allen Hynek, James E. McDonald, Carl Sagan, Robert L. Hall, James A. Harder and Robert M. L. Baker. It also printed papers from Donald Menzel, Stanton Friedman, Frank Salisbury and others. Hynek argued that puzzling UFO reports from competent witnesses deserve serious scientific study.

216 Not at all. This argument ("It's Impossible") is used when what should really be said is we don't know how to duplicate these maneuvers. Piston aircraft can't fly faster than the speed of sound and a conventional dynamite bomb couldn't have wrecked Hiroshima and a vacuum tube circuit can't fit on the head of a pin but surely we don't say that supersonic flight, atom bombs and microcircuits viOlate the laws of nature or physics. Present aircraft can't duplicate UFO maneuvers; no laws of physics have been violated by UFOs. 13. Haven't astronomers proved that trips to other stars are impossible? Again, the answer is no. The studies 12 that conclude that trips to other stars are impossible are based upon false or unnecessary assumptions such as, assum- ing, that the flight be at orbital velocity. 0 The one comprehensive study of inter-stellar travel conducted by a JPL group actually concerned with space hard- ware concluded that with present technology trips to nearby stars are feasible with round trip times being shorter than a man's lifetime and without violating the laws of physics. They assumed that staged vehicles would be used having either fission or fusion propulsion systems. 14. Are fission and fusion propulsion systems actually being developed? Both fission and fusion propulsion systems for space travel are under devel- opment. I have worked on both. The NEVRA program has successfully tested a number of nuclear rocket reactors suitable for use in flight throughout the solar system. Flight rated systems offering substantial advantages over chemical propulsion systems could be ready in less than a decade if the current program at Aerojet General, Westinghouse Astronuclear Laboratory, and Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory is supported. References 15 and 16 are good reviews of the nuclear rocket program. The fusion work is not nearly as far along but has been productive at Aerojet General Nucleonics, San Ramon, California. An older review of some of the aspects of this program is given in Ref. 17. 15. Are these the only possibilities? Not at all. This is one of the major flaws in the "non -believers" arguments; they presume that our technology is the ultimate—a presumption made by each generation of scientists in the last 75 years and proved wrong by the next gener-ation of engineers and applied scientists. If there is one thing to be learned from the history of science it is that there will be new and unpredictable discoveries comparable with, say, relatively, nuclear energy, the laser, solid state physics, high field superconductivity, etc. It is generally accepted that there are civiliza- tions elsewhere which are much more advanced than are we. Look what tech- nological progress we have made in the last 100 years. Who can guess what we will accomplish in the next thousand years—or what others have accomplished in the thousand or million or billion year start they may have on us. We still don't know about gravity, for example, no less anti -gravity. 16. Could UFOs be coming here from our own solar system? They certainly could. We have no data from any other body in the solar system which definitely rules out the existence of advanced civilizations. We frequently forget that the resolution of present photographs of the other planetary bodies is extremely poor. As a matter of fact, there does seem to be a direct correlation between the number of sighting reports per unit time and the closeness of Mars to the earth. Both have periodicities of about 26 months. 0 We make certain spaceshots at "favorable times". The reverse may also be true but without the restric- tions on payload and trajectory placed upon us by our crude, inefficient, space pro- pulsion systems which no thoughtful engineer considers the ultimate. 17. Didn't the Mariner IV pictures prove there isn't any life on Mars? The Mariner pictures didn't provide proof of life on Mars but they certainly didn't rule it out and were not intended to. Studies 19 of 10,000 pictures of earth taken from orbit with cameras having resolving power equivalent to those onMariner IV provided only one picture which could be taken to indicate that there is life on the planet called earth. 18. Isn't it true that life as we know it cannot exist on any other body in thesolar system? This statement, though repeated many times, \ is quite obviously untrue. Con- sider for a moment the fact that we intend to send men to the moon and by the end of the century to Mars. We expect these men to stay for a while and to returndespite the fact that Mars and thnoon both supposedly aren't fit for life as we a know it. One characteristic of an dvanced technological civilization is the ability to provide suitable conditions for life almost anywhere; including under the Footnotes at the end of article.

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Hearing transcript, from the govinfo collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 256 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.