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Project Blue Book Special Report (second copy)

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This is Project Blue Book Special Report No. 14, "Analysis of Reports of Unidentified Aerial Objects," Project No. 10073, dated 5 May 1955. The study reduced about 4,000 sighting reports received by the U.S. Air Force between June 1947 and December 1952 to IBM punched cards and analyzed them statistically, including chi square tests comparing knowns with unknowns. It concludes that the reports very probably do not represent technological developments beyond present scientific knowledge, and it notes that no case produced physical evidence.

  • p. 9 …for as misinterpretations of known objects (suchas meteors, balloons, or aircraft), a few as the result…
  • p. 19 …Balloons, aircraft, astronomical bodies (such as meteors), birds, and clouds or dust were recognized as major…
  • p. 44 …mph More than 4 0 0 mph Meteor-like Not stated Unknown Per Cent 15 20…
  • p. 46 …i r 00 Elliptical Rocket and aircraft Meteor or comet Lenticular, conical or teardrop Flame Other…
  • p. 72 …434 434 Shape Elliptical Rocket and aircraft Meteor or comet Teardrop, lenticular, or conical Flame Other…
  • p. 74 …100 to 400 mph Over 400 mph Meteor-like Not stated 249 154 181 403'" 8…
  • p. 76 …There is a higher percentage of KNOWNS in the flame and in the meteor- or comet…
  • p. 80 …OF SHAPE Shape Elliptical Rocket or aircraft Meteor or comet Flame T e a r d…
  • p. 82 TABLE XII Speed Stationary Less than 100 mph 100 to 400 mph Over 400 mph Meteor…
  • p. 84 …The second was slightly increased by the removal of the astro- nomical sightings from the meteor…
  • p. 108 …Evaluation of All Sightings for All Years by Shape of Object, Meteor or Comet . . . . . . . 190 Table…
  • p. 109 …Evalua^on of Unit Sightings for All Years by Shape of Object, Meteor or Comet 194…
  • p. 110 …Evaluation of Object Sightings for All Years by Reported Speeds of Objects, Meteor-Like Speeds 209…
  • p. 291 …Meteor like Not stated Other CODE X Y 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7…
  • p. 302 …100 - UOO mph More than iiOO mph Meteor-like Not stated Other CODE 63 SHAPE X…
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
SUMMARY • vii
1
INTRODUCTION 1
ORIGIN AND NATURE OF DATA 3
REDUCTION OF DATA TO MECHANIZED COMPUTATION FORM 4
Questionnaire 4
Coding System and Work Sheet 6
Identification of Working Papers 7
Evaluation of Individual Reports - 10
ANALYSIS OF THE DATA 14
Frequency and Percentage Distributions by Characteristics 14
Graphical Presentation 16
Advanced Study of the Data 16
Position of the Sun Relative to the Observer 16
Statistical Chi Square Test . 60
The "Flying Saucer" Model 76
CONCLUSIONS 94
APPENDIX A. TABULATION OF FREQUENCY AND PERCENTAGE
DISTRIBUTIONS BY CHARACTERISTICS . . . . 95
APPENDIX B. WORKING PAPER FORMS 255
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure 1 Frequency of Sightings by Year for Object, Unit, and All Sightings 17
Figure 2 Distribution of Evaluations of Object, Unit, and All Sightings for All Years 18
Figure 3 Distribution of Object Sightings by Evaluation for All Years With Comparisons
of Each Year for Each Evaluation Group 19
Figure 4 Distribution of Object Sightings by Evaluation for All Years and Each Year 20
Figure 5 Distribution of Object Sightings by Evaluation Within Months for All Years 21
Figure 6 Distribution of Object Sightings by Certain and Doubtful Evaluations for
All Years and Each Year 22
Figure 7 Frequency of Object Sightings and Unknown Object Evaluations by
Months, 1947-1952 23
Figure 8 Distribution of Object Sightings by Sighting Reliability Groups With
Evaluation Distributions for Each Group 24
Figure 9 Distribution of Object Sightings Among the Four. Sighting Reliability
Groups for All Years and Each Year 25
Figure 10 Distribution of All Sightings by Sighting Reliability Groups, Segregated
by Military and Civilian Observers, With Evaluation Distribution
for Each Segregation 26
Figure 11 Distribution of Object Sightings by Reported Colors of Object(s) With
Evaluation Distribution for Each Color Group 27
Figure 12 Distribution of Object Sightings by Number of Objects Seen per Sighting.
With Evaluation Distribution for Each Group . . . . . . . 28
Figure 13 Distribution of Object Sightings by Duration of Sighting With Evaluation
Distribution for Each Duration Group . , 29
111

Cases discussed

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