“small beings”49 pages
- p. 17 …Others remain nonbelievers or
at least skeptical of the existence of alien beings and elusive vehicles…
- p. 19 …Moreover, operational necessity required that these balloons be launched during daylight
hours. It was therefore not…
- p. 30 …This has since grown from a minimal amount of debris recovered from
a small area to…
- p. 35 …This included, for example, a small
amount of missing "decimal files" from the 509th Bomb Group…
- p. 36 …This was a small section of the July Historical Report for the 509th Bomb Group
and…
- p. 37 …To believe that such operational and high-level security activity could be
conducted solely by relying…
- p. 39 …The foil-rubber material could not
be tom like ordinary aluminum foil can be tom... "
Sally…
- p. 40 …Although there does not appear to be much dispute that
Cavitt was involved in the material…
- p. 43 …Lt Col Cavitt described a small area of debris which appeared, "to
resemble bamboo type square…
- p. 72 …being per:ormed on these bodies.
The bodies were described as the body of a small…
- p. 99 …It should be noted that the period from approximately 1946 to 1950 is the least well…
- p. 105 …Several small projects were completed during ~1e mont.~ includine
signs on all the·office doors, a…
- p. 149 …Streett 1s
office recaumends against it on the ground that that is a
small enterprize down…
- p. 159 …I do not recall the incident being mentioned again as being any big
deal and I…
- p. 201 …We even simulated a small lightning strike over dry snow (just
from the snow blowing over…
- p. 258 …Big plastic
balloon with small auxiliary plastics," etc. "Watson Lab and
gear." "Followed" (inaudible) "receiver until…
- p. 261 …explain bodies or material that can't be
folded) by a sledge hammer.
Q: Let's…
- p. 328 …The witnesses have recalled small pink/purple "flowers" that appeared I to be
some sort of…
- p. 401 …b7 how ra*
the receiver •7 be re110ve~ .t'rows the pre~er. red height withqut…
- p. 443 …geostrophic wind (the latter being
derived under certain simplifying assumptions) and since the
geometry of the…
- p. 458 …Two designs which compro-
mise extreme cost (required for balloons of high internal pressure)
with small…
- p. 479 …This means that several hours might be required to fall through
the lanes of aircraft traffic…
- p. 484 …The change in drag effect may be realized by a decrease of
relative size of the…
- p. 487 (a)
Then:
(9)
or for small temperature differences:
(10) : - _L (.AI.)1-B T
the nega…
- p. 490 …gas of a balloon can be lost by:
leakage through small holes in the fabric or…
- p. 491 …for l:n•y small section of altitude is assumed
to be constant); and re.J…
- p. 506 in the preceding, section on diffusion end leakage the appendix
opening should be small. It can…
- p. 521 …is li~ited as indicated
above, small variations may be detected with the result
that it…
- p. 555 …being exposed about 10 hours
at cold temperature. (:S) During the floating period :many small oscilla…
- p. 565 …The very usef.ul information about be.llast flow was reported clearly, and
the principle of…
- p. 566 …Since the small external appendix with cardboard stiffeners was not
suitable for the large balloon, a…
- p. 580 …Following the initial activation at about 38,500 feet, small oscillations were
introduced into the flight…
- p. 614 …Figure 4 shows this appendix construction on a General M lls balloon which
is being inflated…
- p. 652 …At high altitudes, a difference of 40°C may
be expected in the temperature of the…
- p. 658 …To facilitate handling of the
line segments each length is prepared with a small hook on…
- p. 672 signals may be arranged so as to consume a very
small portion of -transmission time.
D…
- p. 738 …These values may
be compared with a diffusion loss of lift of the order
of magnitude…
- p. 742 …The constancy of level will be better the lower the
diffusion and the lower, therefore, the…
- p. 762 …te
.::mrcht:.se of small item£. A furth..:r rec:uest ~s been subr:rl tte…
- p. 783 …be of such a valve that
with a large r~diosonde frequency variation for a small…
- p. 785 …It is expected that this
equipment will be flown about 8 l-1ay. A description of…
- p. 815 …Before gear could be recovered, most of it had be~~tolen. Stations operating
at north hanger…
- p. 842 …Range started to slowly increase as did elevation with azimuth being
stationary. The echo remained beyond…
- p. 862 …By using this
stressed tape design, much larger loads may be carried than
the thin polyethylene…
- p. 874 …At this point, two small holes about
18" apart have been made, and the rip line…
- p. 881 …If thodolite stadia determinations are being
made, the banner can be used as one of the…
- p. 898 …laid out, A small amount of gas at very low pressure
Should be valved into the…
- p. 910 …The motor gears may be cleaned with
carbon tetrachloride and a small clean brush.
If the…
- p. 918 …Each combination of dots or dashes may be identified
by ear, and with a calibration chart…
figures on the sticks, lavender or pink in color, appeared to be weather faded
markings, with no rhyme or reason [sic]. He did not convince me that these were
alien writings." Newton concluded his statement by relating that" ... During the
ensuing years I have been interviewed by many authors, I have been quoted and
misquoted. The facts remain as indicated above. I was not influenced during the
original interview, nor today, to provide anything but what I know to be true,
that is, the material I saw in General Ramey's office was the remains of a balloon
and a RAWIN target."
Balloon Research
The original tasking from GAO noted that the search for information included
"weather balloons." Comments about balloons and safety reports have already
been made; however the SAF I AAZ research efforts also focused on reviewing
historical records involving balloons, since, among other reasons, that was what
was officially claimed by the AAF to have been found and recovered in 1947.
As early as February 28, 1994, the AAZD research team found references to
balloon tests taking place at Alamogordo Army Air Field (now Holloman AFB)
and White Sands during June and July 1947, testing "constant level balloons" and
a New York University (NYU)/Watson Labs effort that used" ... meteorological
devices . . . suspected for detecting shock waves generated by Soviet nuclear
explosions"-a possible indication of a cover story associated with the NYU
balloon project. Subsequently, a 1946 HQ AMC memorandum surfaced, describ-
ing the constant altitude balloon project and specified that the scientific data be
classified Top Secret Priority 1A. Its name was Project MOGUL (Atch 19).
Project MOGUL was a then-sensitive, classified project, whose purpose was to
determine the state of Soviet nuclear weapons research. This was the early Cold
War period and there was serious concern within the US government about the
Soviets' developing a weaponized atomic device. Because the Soviet Union's
borders were closed, the US Government sought to develop a long range nuclear
explosion detection capability. Long range, balloon-borne, low frequency acoustic
detection was posed to General Spaatz in 1945 by Dr. Maurice Ewing of Columbia
University as a potential solution (atmospheric ducting of low frequency pressure
waves had been studied as early as 1900).
As part of the research into this matter, AAZD personnel located and obtained
the original study papers and reports of the New York University project. Their
efforts also revealed that some of the individuals involved in Project MOGUL were
still living. These persons included the NYU constant altitude balloon Director of
Research, Dr. Athelstan F. Spilhaus; the Project Engineer, Professor Charles B.
Moore; and the military Project Officer, Colonel Albert C. Trakowski.
All of these persons were subsequently interviewed and signed sworn statements
about their activities. A copy of theses statements are appended at Atchs 20-22.
Additionally, transcripts of the interview with Moore and Trakowski are also
included (equipment malfunctioned during the interview of Spilhaus) (Atchs
25