“G. A.”60+ pages
- p. 33 …The specific Air Staff/Secretariat offices queried included the following:
(a) SAF I AAI, Directorate of…
- p. 75 …the Public Information Officer, Walter G. Haut,
issued a news release that the Amry Air Force…
- p. 104 …vt. G. Hilburn, f'onner Assistant Base Adj•lba.nt, transferred
~~ Squedr~n "A", 427th AAF…
- p. 114 …SFERRED
A. OfFICE , •. STORAGE A. FILE CABINETS (No.) 1. TRANS. FILES (.Yo.) lc SHELVING (Li•. Fl…
- p. 133 …reporti.Dc aot later t:t:.a date 1Jl41catecU
8 Jplx 1947 Cl&tl
Lt. G…
- p. 143 …9:15 A.l:.
9:15 A.~.
9:40 li..M.
9:43 A.ll.
9…
- p. 144 …on fhone requesting a B-29 be sent to
Blackstone, Va. for a celebration by the…
- p. 198 …Cor.anandinr; G~nerel, Army Air Forces, \'/aehint;ton 25, D. C.
ATTN s AC/AS…
- p. 282 …I then went into industry, and I worked for EG&G, a high-
technology company based…
- p. 303 …AlllllffO
PAirrS OP rNF ./OSS.tMM:Y WI./.£ FIT AND
01'€/t.ttrl /It A PROYFA…
- p. 307 …I do not want a lawyer. lamwi · g to answer questions or make a statement or…
- p. 322 …4 consisted of a "cluster of (meteor(>logi-
cal) balloons" and a "regular sonobuoy."23 Presumably…
- p. 401 …a.:-:1!! of the sound channel would also
b~ detectable by l1!te~1r.g at…
- p. 407 …dribble constructed of a five (5) gallon tin incorporating e 11etered
jet to allow a predetermined…
- p. 418 …O.oJ nnel KN'$~.ll.!a G, ~ftr. 0-18373.. «C •.• _~ ..
Retent1Qn: Indefinite. No known replacement…
- p. 436 …A typical night using
constant ballast flow at a rate slightl7 exceeding leakage losses
is shown…
- p. 437 Fig • 9 is a typical night with DO ballaet. !he night train· tor
these flights ia…
- p. 472 …the tloa tin_g level. (The
switch is set so that a rate of change ot…
- p. 483 We may use this equation to approximate the rise of a full balloon
system when controlled…
- p. 488 …A = 2.39 x 108 col I erg
Cp = specific heat at constant pressure
g = acceleration…
- p. 490 …flow, Is and a co-
efficient of leakage,Cd•
(1) where g is the acceleration
due…
- p. 495 …lf • 50 ~ tof:g}af =7820 GII/HR
Values for leakage at several different altitudes…
- p. 506 …tight upon release of this internal pressure.
G. A Ge.tleral Equa.ttc:m of Motion…
- p. 509 …It is for this reason that a non-extensible balloon is said to be
in a…
- p. 510 …a g I -'- (~ .!L)
F, = vb Pa LAo To - Tg Rp + Ro
Discussions of the contamination…
- p. 511 …or 9J <{J)G · dt dt lc
We might also have a control tbl t will…
- p. 512 …1t> !!A_} is the- time during which pressure change of
the airdlurro8h!1~g the balloon…
- p. 523 …The performar.ce specifications are as follows:
(a) Rotation: one revolution every 12 hours
(b) Duration…
- p. 528 …Adjustments are made on the adjusting
screw {L) and the lower ring {G) before each flight…
- p. 536 …flight, a 65-pound load was lifted with a linear array of 28
350-g~ rubber…
- p. 553 …On Plight 43 the tiret model ot an Olland-o7cle pressure modulator was
tlown with a…
- p. 558 …and a satisfactory Olland-cycle
pressure modulator~& also used .for over 5 hours to give height…
- p. 560 …This flight was released at night with a fixed ballast flow of about 300
~rams per…
- p. 573 …Flight 82 is a good example of i'light using a single
fixed-leak orifice for…
- p. 574 …Below the baroswitoh a standard T-69 radiosonde was
supported with a parachute stuffed into a…
- p. 577 Fli.g!lt 89: Released from Alamogordo, New Mexico, 1005 MST, August 26, 1948
Not recovered…
- p. 584 …a near-floating condition for about four hours when the transmitter
40
/ llllllff-~ CUIIVK ~
ICIUMD G…
- p. 589 …With a loss of 10°C superheat, and a limited flow (900 grams per hours), it…
- p. 594 …flight a high loss of lifting gas caused the total ballast
load ot 600 g~s…
- p. 610 …g. Low brittle temperature
h. High transparency to heat redie.tion
Table I is a qualitative…
- p. 625 …C"N-~.~-
8 "/)/A.,=_--.s:¥::J.i:;##
PuRD.t.;f.T..t:Jte fiL relf! ----....
CA…
- p. 630 …11A rt:~IA.t. - B.t.owN Pr.eex
G£.A.5S
"A1-e CHA/"'f1J4…
- p. 646 …rate of rise in feet per minute
G : g~oss lift in grams
For our purposes…
- p. 650 (Approximate)
where G • gross load
A chart, Figure 24, has beendrawn up, based on this equation…
- p. 652 ~G = G X ~X (1 • K) K
T
where t::.. G = loss of lift
G =gross…
- p. 675 III
II
!
I
rl G 01
NYU BALLOON PROJCT
FLt8ht 5
DAT£ 6-5-4…
- p. 680 …Fl G 36
NYU BALLOON PROJECT
FLlGHT 7
D<ll-e: 7-2-47 E 0…
- p. 683 …n..1m•tter
Fl G.3 9
NYU BALLOON FROJtCT
FLIGHT 8
D a. te 7…
- p. 686 …to a thtmble
a.nd attached to re1n forced pCltches
at alterna.te .sea.m.s…
- p. 688 …H.A.Smtth Inc. v.11th reinforced
blowout pa.tches to vent 9Q.b when
f1red…
- p. 690 …G.M.. OO!"pol.yettHlent- balloon
w1th 1ncend.1a. ry pa.tch on e~:~u a…
- p. 713 …OBSTRUCTIONS TO AIR NAVIGATION
A. WHITE SANDS, NEW MEXICO, PROV»>G GROUND -NEW YORK UNIVERSITY - RELEASE…
- p. 731 …2. "Progress in Developing a Constant-Level Balloon", Report by Dewey and
Almy Chemical Company, Cambridge…
- p. 732 …Lugeon, Jean, "Le Poste Aerologique de la Station Centrale de
Meteorologie a Payerne et les nourelles…
- p. 742 …The automatic control is needed for flights
lasting through a period in which day changes to…
- p. 749 …1\\a Mr. o. c. Vinsea to C.B. Moore on rlait.
5/l'J/47…
- p. 761 The follo'W1.n.g personnel lolere hired but later resigned:
1!.!.!!
Robert 't:isnieff
Robert…
- p. 770 …diameter ballgons made
from polyethylene .00411
polyethylene .008 11
saran • 00~25 11 aDd a
fortisan…
- p. 775 …g o! Ul ins":.tument coiilpany whicr. wo,.tld cor.struct
the altitude control devices. A…
- p. 779 …As a result of this preliminary study a sub-contn:.ct was
given to H. A…
New York University, in accordance with contractual requirements, produced
monthly progress reports, technical reports, and final reports detailing the VC).rious
aspects of the balloon and telemetering research. In addition, Crary maintlained
a detailed journal of his work throughout his professional career to incluc,le the
summer of 1947. The following discussion is based on these two documents and
interviews with Moore, who was present on all three of the Alamogordq field
trips, and, with Trakowski, who was present at the Alamogordo II and II. field
trips.
NOTE: Technical Report No. 1, Table VII, "Summary of NYU Constant,Level
Balloon Flights," and Technical Report No. 93.02, Constant Level Balloons, S¢ction
3, "Summary of Flights," do not fully account for all balloons flown durir).g the
initial stages of the contract to include the Alamogordo I field trip. Absent' from
the reports are service flight nos. 2, 3, and 4. Flight no. 2 was flown on April18,
1947, at Bethlehem, PA, in an attempt to obtain acoustical data from the explosion
of 5,000 tons of TNT by the British on the German island of Helgoland.18
1
NYU
flight no. 3 was flown on May 29, followed by NYU flight no. 4 on June 4., Both
launched from Alamogordo AAF.
ALAMOGORDO I (May 28, 1947-June 7, 1947)
The first NYU "field trip" departed Olmstead Field, Middletown, PA, by C~7 for
Alamogordo AAF on May 31, 1947, arriving on June 1, 1947.19 Present Olll this
flight was C.B. Moore, NYU Project Engineer, Charles S. Schneider, NYU Project
Director, and other supporting staff members from both NYU and Watson
Laboratories. A.P. Crary, along with other personnel from Watson LaborCjltory,
were already present in Alamogordo, but they did not conduct any bc:dloon
operations. During this time, Crary and several technicians detonated ground
explosives, or "shots," for sound-wave generation purposes, on the nearby White
Sands Proving Ground. These detonations were monitored by ground-based GR3
and GR8 sound ranging equipment at locations in New Mexico and West T~xas. 20
On May 28, the advance party of the balloon group arrived by B-17.21 On May
29, the advance team made the first launch for Project MOGUL from Alamogordo
(NYU flight no. 3). The equipment carried on this flight was identifi¢d as
essentially the same as that carried on NYU flight no. 2 (Atch 3 ). 22 NYU flight no.
4 was launched on June 4, with a configuration the same as on flight nos. 2 and
3. Crary's diary indicated that flight no. 4 consisted of a "cluster of (meteor(>logi-
cal) balloons" and a "regular sonobuoy."23 Presumably, flight no. 3 was config-
ured the same.
18. Research Division, College of Engineering, NYU, Special Report No. 1, Constant Level ~alloon,
May 1947 (hereafter NYU, Special Report No. 1), p. 27.
19. Personal journal of Albert P. Crary, p. 13.
20. Ibid., pp. 4-16.
21. Ibid., p. 13.
22. NYU, Progress Report No. 6, Sect II, p. 5.
23. Crary personal journal, p. 12.