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This Defense Intelligence Reference Document (DIA-08-1004-004), dated 6 April 2010, was produced by the Defense Intelligence Agency under its Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) Program. It is one of a series of advanced technology reports from FY 2009. It reviews the general relativity physics of traversable wormholes and flat-faced "stargate" solutions for faster-than-light travel. It also covers the exotic negative energy these would need, proposed lab methods for generating it such as the Casimir effect and squeezed vacuum, and the constraints involved.
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UNCLASSIFIED//509 QFFIQII k WE&i ,n.LY gravitational field is squeezing the vacuum). The corresponding local vacuum state energy density is: pE-gsvac = -2n:217c//,4 . The general result of the gravitational squeezing effect is that as the gravitational field strength increases, the negative energy zone (surrounding the body) also increases in strength. Table 1 shows when gravitational squeezing becomes important for sample bodies and their associated PE-gsvac. The table shows that in the case of the Earth, Jupiter and the Sun, the squeezing effect is extremely feeble because only ZPF mode wavelengths above 0.2 m to 78 km are affected, each having very minute pE-gsvac. For a solar mass black hole (radius of 2.95 km), the effect is still feeble because only ZPF mode wavelengths above 78 km are affected. But note that Planck mass bodies will have an enormously strong negative energy zone surrounding them because all ZPF mode wavelengths above 8.50 x 10-34 m will be squeezed, in other words, all wavelengths of interest for vacuum fluctuations. Protons will have the strongest negative energy zone in comparison because the squeezing effect includes all ZPF mode wavelengths above 6.50 x 10 53 m. Furthermore, a body smaller than a nuclear diameter(== 10-16 m) and containing the mass of a mountain(== 1011 kg) has a fairly strong negative energy zone because all ZPF mode wavelengths above 10-15 m will be squeezed. In each of these cases, the magnitude of the corresponding pE-gsvac is very large. However, the estimates for the wavelengths in Table 1 might be too small. Ford (private communication, 2007) argues that Reference 21 is in error because spacetime is flat on scales smaller than the local radius of curvature, which is defined by the inverse square root of the typical Riemann curvature tensor component in a local orthonormal frame, or /,c == (r'c2/CM) 112 . According to Ford, only ZPF modes with/-.~ /,c will be squeezed by the gravitational field. This leads to a different local vacuum state energy density (for r>> r,) (Reference 15): 17 2n: 2hc PL-g>1,<C = --,-,- A 2n: 2hc •--- I 'C 2 rr 1hG 1M 1 (J/m 1 ) UNCLASSIFIED/ ,<FOA OFFIQl.ltk Wliili 8HL¥ ( 7)
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