Defense Intelligence Reference Document Traversible Wormholes Stargates And Negative Energy

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one can call this material property "exotic." The condition for ordinary, classical (non-
exotic) forms of matter that all are familiar with in nature is that PE > p; and/or PE 2 0.
These conditions represent two examples of what are variously called the "standard"
energy conditions: Weak Energy Condition (WEC: PE :c: 0, pE + Pi :c: 0), Null Energy
Condition (NEC: PE+ P1 2 0), Dominant Energy Condition (DEC), and Strong Energy
Condition (SEC). These energy conditions forbid negative energy density between
material objects to occur in nature, but they are mere hypotheses. Hawking and Ellis
(Reference 11) formulated the energy conditions in order to establish a series of
mathematical hypotheses governing the behavior of collapsed-matter singularities in
their study of cosmology and black hole physics. More specifically, classical general
relativity allows one to prove lots of general theorems about the behavior of matter in
gravitational fields. The impact or implications of the DEC or SEC will not be considered
because they add no new information beyond the WEC and NEC.
The bad news is that real physical matter is not "reasonable" because the energy
conditions are in general violated by semiclassical quantum effects (occurring at order
11) (Reference 3). 5 More specifically, quantum effects generically violate the average
NEC (ANEC). Furthermore, it was discovered in 1965 that quantum field theory has the
remarkable property of allowing states of matter containing local regions of negative
energy density or negative fluxes (Reference 12). This violates the WEC, which
postulates that the local energy density is non-negative for all observers. And there are
also general theorems of differential geometry that guarantee that there must be a
violation of one, some, or all of the energy conditions (meaning exotic matter is
present) for all traversable wormhole spacetimes. With respect to creating traversable
wormhole spacetimes, "negative energy" has the unfortunate reputation of alarming
physicists. This is unfounded since all the energy condition hypotheses have been
experimentally tested in the laboratory and experimentally shown to be false - 25 years
before their formulation (Reference 13).
Further investigation into this technical issue showed that violations of the energy
conditions are widespread for all forms of both "reasonable" classical and quantum
matter (Reference 14-18). Furthermore, Visser (Reference 3) showed that all (generic)
spacetime geometries violate all the energy conditions. So the condition that PE > pi
and/or PE :c: O must be obeyed by all forms of matter in nature is spurious. Violating the
energy conditions commits no offense against nature. Negative energy has been
produced in the laboratory and this will be discussed in the following sections.
A. EXAMPLES OF EXOTIC OR "NEGATIVE" ENERGY FOUND IN
NATURE
The exotic (energy condition-violating) fields that are known to occur in nature are:
• Static, radially-dependent electric or magnetic fields. These are borderline exotic, if
their tension were infinitesimally larger, for a given energy density (Reference 11,
19).
• Squeezed quantum vacuum states: electromagnetic and other (non-Maxwellian)
quantum fields (Reference 1, 20).
5 Planck's reduced constant, 11 = 1.055 x 10-34 J-s.
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