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This Defense Intelligence Reference Document from the Defense Intelligence Agency, dated 23 March 2010, was produced under the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) Program. It surveys invasive and noninvasive brain-machine interface technologies for controlling external devices without limb-operated interfaces. The technologies covered include EEG, MEG, fMRI, NIRS, and implanted electrode arrays. It concludes that noninvasive electrical monitoring is the most promising near-term approach. In the long term, it favors invasive single-neuron cortical connections that use optical stimulation or chip-based arrays.
“The Times”18 pages
UNCLASSIFIED/ ff 811. 8ffl8111it 1!1!11!! !IIILY localized in a manner where the top site will be below the cortical surface. The electrode assembly was then wrapped with Gel Foam (Pfizer, Inc., New York) and then cemented with dental acrylic (Reference 47). Once the experiment was concluded, precise location of the cortical arrays was obtained by passing currents though the electrodes to cause micro-lesioning, then post-mortem examination of brain slices could locate the lesions and reconstruct the precise 3-D position of the electrodes (Figure 7). This test provided an initial understanding of brain activity and the ability to utilize microelectrodes to localize specific neural regions. Sample slices from all implants 0 200,,rn . a... 04 R.lghl ...Multiple slices from 04 Leh Figure 7. Histology and Electrode Tracks. The left panel shows Nissl·stained coronal sections of sample slices from all animals 01-04 showing electrode tracks or lesion marks for all seven implantations. The black line marks the boundary between the upper and lower layers. The right panel shows seven coronal sections arranged rostro- caudally, as indicated by the schematic, for one implant (D4Left) showing alternating lesions and electrode tracks which were used to reconstruct site locations. (Reference 47) 17 UNCLASSIFIED//FQA: 8FFI&I.«1k 1!181! &••LY
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Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 36 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.