“BEAMS”49 pages
- p. 3 …Free-Electron Laser Electron Beam Phase-Space Evolution ....................... 59
Figure 31. Recirculating-Beam FEL System ........................................................... 60…
- p. 4 …HEL Beam Pointer/Tracker ................................................................... 65
Figure 35. Basic Shared Aperture Beam Control System ......................................... 66
Figure 36…
- p. 7 …This can only be achieved via laser propulsion in
which the laser beam energy that is…
- p. 15 …By launching
spacecraft on a beam of electromagnetic radiation, researchers will have developed the
first new…
- p. 16 …The laser beam's pulse
interacts with the mirror, spreading out and focusing into an annular…
- p. 17 …1) power supply; 2) high-power (megawatt-class)
laser beam generator/transmitter using novel beam optics…
- p. 20 …is to the right and the laser beam strikes the stretched-out parabolic
mirror/propulsion section…
- p. 21 …It
requires a beam power of 0.1 to 1 MW per kg of vehicle mass…
- p. 22 …The ground-based
megawatt-class laser beam generator is state-of-the-art technology. The cost…
- p. 25 …Figure 8 illustrates the adverse beam
propagation geometry associated with ETO laser propulsion by means of…
- p. 26 …Attenuation Effects on Captured Laser Beam Power 261.
0.4
0.J
0.2
0.1…
- p. 27 …Unfortunately the demonstrated laser beam power levels for the attractive 1.62 μm
wavelength, which suffered…
- p. 28 …Beam combining
of several 1 MW (or higher) FELs can achieve a total combined beam output…
- p. 31 …Appropriate rotation of a high-energy laser beam,
emanating from a ground/sea-based laser, guides…
- p. 32 …Appropriate rotation and translation of a high-energy laser
beam, emanating from a moving aircraft, guides…
- p. 33 …But
multiple target interception within allowable time is limited by relatively long beam-
riding time needed…
- p. 37 …In this case, it is envisioned that the high-
pulsed power within high-energy laser beams…
- p. 39 …In this case, airborne laser beams at 12 km altitude will not suffer the
significant propagation…
- p. 41 …sidelobes, creates multiple beams, and steers the ensemble of the
individual beams anywhere on Earth. The…
- p. 42 …Each picosat is gravity-
gradient stable, has a dipole array facing Earth, and a broader beam…
- p. 43 …Commands for beam sweep delays are superimposed on the time delays of each
nanosat. Each nanosat…
- p. 44 …piezoelectric membrane kept flat by an electron beam in response to an optical figure
sensor. MEMS…
- p. 46 …technical issues include large wavelength and
atmospheric absorption of the laser beam.
• Carbon Monoxide (CO) Laser…
- p. 47 …125 Hz@ 20μs.
• Laser power, P = 2.5 MW/beam x 4 beams = 10 MW.
• Laser…
- p. 50 …Each power oscillator optics module transmitting a 2.5 MW beam of
10.6 μm wavelength…
- p. 52 …Adding an eight amplifier chain that the system was designed for will
increase the beam power…
- p. 53 …However,
BSSSL beam power can be scaled up further by improving presently known gain media
and…
- p. 54 …scalable
to 1 MW beam power within 2 years.
Typical solid-state lasers have the following…
- p. 55 …A new technology that enables the scaling-up of BSSSL beam power is a recently
developed…
- p. 56 …at the same time increasing the average
beam power.
Figure 21. Phase Change Materials Allow Storage…
- p. 57 …This exponential growth in beam output power is the result of many factors,
including the parallel…
- p. 58 …Microlens -O _
,:1
Incoherent Beam Combining 'Ind1vidually Incoherent Gaussian Beams i=L
Controlled
/_/Steering • ... o~bined…
- p. 59 …Neodymium
Thulium (Tm 3+), Holmium
- Range of beam wavelengths(),) produced: 0.48 μm to 2.9…
- p. 61 …Multlmode Fiber Lasers
50kW Multimode
Output beam quality BPP-1 o
M"2-33
DC EDE…
- p. 62 …The resulting laser beam photon energy depends on the
electron energy, the undulator period, and (weakly…
- p. 63 UNCLASSIFIED/ /F8~ 8FFl&I.«1k WliEii a,.klf
electron beam
( \ I,:--- ■■>ti■--
undulator
)
resonator mirror
0…
- p. 64 …The superconducting accelerator gives good
efficiency and gradient while recirculation of the electron beam recovers beam…
- p. 65 UNCLASSIFIED/ /F&~ 8FFHiil.«1k 1!181! &••kY
- K"' 1.5.t
• Electron Beam:
- Photocathode injector creates…
- p. 66 …HIGH ENERGY LASER BEAM CONTROL
··costs could be reduced to as low as $20 per kg…
- p. 67 …The typical HEL beam control system includes:++ 1) a gimbaled
beam director, 2) tracking and pointing…
- p. 68 UNCLASSIFIED//F&II. &FFiii,111!! l!llili &HI!¥
A novel new HEL beam control architecture being…
- p. 69 …HEL Beam Pointer/Tracker (courtesy of the Directed Energy Professional
Society).
In summary, this new architecture…
- p. 70 …The BILL is a solid-state, kilowatt-class laser
that measures atmospheric conditions, allowing the beam…
- p. 71 …All of these HEL beam control innovations can be quickly adapted to laser propulsion
applications with…
- p. 72 …The entire Lightcraft launch
system is comprised of a ground, sea, or airborne laser beam generator…
- p. 73 …New beam
control devices and high-power optical train combinations have a resulting beam line
that…
- p. 75 …N. (1983), "Advanced Beamed-Energy and Field Propulsion Concepts,"
BDM/W-83-225-TR, BDM Corp…
- p. 76 …N. (2001), "World Record Flights of Beam-Riding Rocket Lightcraft:
Demonstration of 'Disruptive' Propulsion Technology," AIAA…
- p. 77 …of the 6 th Int'! Symposium on Beamed Energy
Propulsion, edited by C. R. Phipps, AIP…
UNCLASSIFIED/ ;Sf&lil &FFI&Itltl H:81! 8HLY
[19] Wang, T.-s., et al. (2000), "Performance Modeling of an Experimental Laser
Propelled Lightcraft," AIAA-2000-2347, 3pt AIAA Plasmadynamics and Lasers
Conference, Denver, CO.
[20] Wang, T.-s., et al. (2001), "Advanced Performance Modeling of Experimental
Laser Lightcrafts," AIAA-2001-0648, 39 th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and
Exhibit, Reno, NV.
[21] Wang, T.-S., et al. (2002), "Advanced Performance Modeling of Experimental
Laser Lightcraft," J. Propul. and Power, Vol. 18, pp. 1129-1138.
[22] Myrabo, L. N. (2001), "World Record Flights of Beam-Riding Rocket Lightcraft:
Demonstration of 'Disruptive' Propulsion Technology," AIAA-2001-3798,
AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 37th Joint Propulsion Conference, Salt Lake City, UT.
[23] Mead, F. B., Larson, C. W., and Kalliomaa, W. M. (2002), "A Status Report of the
X-SOLR Program - A Laser Propulsion Program," AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 38 th Joint
Propulsion Conference, Indianapolis, IN.
[24] Larson, C. W., Mead, F. B., and Kalliomaa, W. M. (2002), "Energy conversion in
laser propulsion III," in Proc. of the 1st Int'/ Symposium on Beamed Energy
Propulsion, edited by A. V. Pakhomov, AIP Conference Proc. 664, AIP Press,
Melville, NY, pp. 170-181.
[25] Froning, H. D., et al. (2003), "Study to Determine the Effectiveness and Cost of
a Laser-Powered 'Lightcraft' Vehicle System - Results to Guide Future
Developments," in Proc. of the 2 nd Int'/ Symposium on Beamed Energy
Propulsion, edited by K. Komurasaki, AIP Conference Proc. 702, AIP Press,
Melville, NY, pp. 242-250.
[26] Froning, H. D., and Davis, E. W. (2006), "Study to Determine the Effectiveness
and Cost of a Laser-Propelled 'Lightcraft' Vehicle System," Final Report AFRL-PR-
ED-TR-2003-0033, Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force Materiel Command,
Edwards AFB, CA. [See also, Knecht, S. D., and Mead, F. B. (2004), "Increasing
Laser Ramjet (LR) Thrust and Coupling Coefficient via Nozzle Design and
Prevention of Plasma Wrap-Around," Final Report AFRL-PR-ED-TR-2004-0082,
Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force Materiel Command, Edwards AFB, CA.]
[27] Rumsfeld, D. H., et al. (2001), Report of the Commission To Assess United
States National Security Space Management and Organization, U.S. Congress
and the Dept. of Defense, Washington DC.
[28] Scott, W. B. (2000), Aviation Week & Space Technology Magazine article on the
2001 Report of the Commission to Assess United States National Security Space
Management and Organization, Nov. 6, 2000, p. 61.
[29] Hasson, V. (2002), "Briefing on Multi-Megawatt Pulsed CO2 Laser Transmitter for
Propulsion Applications," Advanced Concepts Office, AFRL/PRSP, Edwards AFB,
CA (Nov. 18, 2002).
[30] Kalisky, Y. (2006), The Physics and Engineering of Solid State Lasers, Tutorial
Texts in Optical Engineering, Vol. TT71, SPIE Press, Bellingham, WA.
[31] Motes, R. A., and Berdine, R. W. (2009), Introduction to High-Power Fiber
Lasers, Publ. by the Directed Energy Professional Society, Albuquerque, NM.
[32] Nielsen, P. E. (2009), Effects of Directed Energy Weapons: High Power Lasers,
High Power Microwaves, and Particle Beams, Publ. by the Directed Energy
Professional Society, Albuquerque, NM, Chapter 3.
[33] Mead, F. B. (2007), "Part I - The Lightcraft Technology Demonstration Program,"
Final Report AFRL-RZ-ED-TR-2007-0078, Air Force Research Laboratory, Air
Force Materiel Command, Edwards AFB, CA.
72
UNCLASSIFIED//FQlil QFFI&l11J.k W&liii Q•lklf