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Defense Intelligence Reference Document Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion

Defense Intelligence Agency · 72 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Defense Intelligence Agency reference document, dated 10 March 2010, covers inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion. It was produced in FY 2009 under the DIA's Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) program. The report focuses on work at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and reviews IEC basics, experiments, theory and applications such as neutron sources, explosives detection and space propulsion. It concludes by proposing a breakeven experiment for p-11B fusion that uses a hydrogen plasma simulation.

  • p. 7 …Emphasis is placed on work in these areas at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, although…
  • p. 8 …of how inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion works. Gas ~ccd I in~ Spherical Vacuum . Chamber !!1…
  • p. 10 …While Hirsh worked with Farnsworth to demonstrate early experimental success with IEC experiments (Reference 1.2…
  • p. 11 …Such work was soon taken up in several other laboratories, including Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL…
  • p. 12 …electron) injected traps (as does the present author's work). This selection was largely driven by…
  • p. 15 …This work and others on the small gridded systems at that time showed several important problems…
  • p. 17 …Recent work has shown that by properly programming the distribution function of the injected electrons it…
  • p. 18 …Results indicate that although the formalism works well during the early phases of compression, when the…
  • p. 21 …Hirsch Working With Philo Farnsworth I' I'· 0 ,,, 10•u w "',. ~ 40~ CRONS D- -,C •~7…
  • p. 22 …This worked well, but the design was eventually discarded to move to RF guns with much…
  • p. 23 …This work substituted a metallic hybrid getter for the external pumping on the IEC chamber. With…
  • p. 24 …Another important example of the use of a compact IEC neutron source is the work at…
  • p. 25 …2.7) The IEC developed for this work used a magnetron ion generation technique to improve…
  • p. 26 …Still the design worked reasonably well for the initial mine detection experiments. Unfortunately, the project was…
  • p. 27 …as shown by the hybrid magnetron source work in Japan. Another point noted is the advantage…
  • p. 29 …As already noted, the basic physics of this version was originally studied in pioneering work by…
  • p. 30 …Relation to Other Prior Thrusters NASA and other laboratories have worked toward developing advanced Hall Thrusters…
  • p. 31 …Indeed, the thruster concept arose from work on a fusion based IEC (Reference 3.5). To…
  • p. 32 …Khachan's work. It too looks very promising. 25 UNCLASSIFIED/ ,u;oAt OFFIGIPk IP&'i OIIU{
  • p. 35 …at the UIUC and several other laboratories working on IECs. The issue then is how to…
  • p. 39 …In follow-on work, they simplified the modeling of charge exchange with an analytical approach to…
  • p. 40 …Satsangi, "Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Experiments at Low Working Pressure," Prepared under U.S. Army contract DAAK…
  • p. 42 …In Chacon's work, a bounce-averaged Fokker-Planck (BAFP) model was employed to obtain steady…
  • p. 45 …Before discussing this work, some definitions for the potential well structure will be reviewed. POTENTIAL WELL…
  • p. 48 …However, much more work needs to be done along these lines to fully identify the optimal…
  • p. 52 …As pointed out by Khachan his work noted D2+ becomes more significant in lower voltages). In…
  • p. 53 …Nevins, Can inertial electrostatic confinement work beyond the ion-ion collisional time scale?" Phys. Plasmas, Vol…
  • p. 70 …Chacon's work, thermalized ions build up and additional quasi- Maxwellian distriution in the trap). Still…
  • p. 71 …To accomplish this result quickly on a modest budget, we need to simplify the work by…
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5.3 G. H. Miley, R. Stubbers, J. Webber, H. Momota, "Magnetically-Channeled SIEC
Array (MCSA) Fusion Device for Interplanetary Missions", Space Technology and
Applications International Forum-STAIF 2004 (M.S. El Genk, Ed.) American Institute
of Physics Conf. Proceedings (2004).
5.4 H. Momota, G. H. Miley, and J. Nadler, "Direct Energy Conversion for IEC
Propulsions", Report to National Institute for Fusion Science of Japan, Report NISF-
641, ISSN 0915-633X, August (2000).
5.5 Y. Gu, M. Williams, R. Stubbers, G. Miley, "Pulsed Operation of Spherical Inertial-
Electrostatic Confinement Device," Proceeding of 12th Topical Meeting on the
Technology of Fusion Energy, ANS, Reno, NV, 16-20 June (1996), pp. 1342-1346.
Section VI. Possible Next Step Breakeven Experiment
The prior sections have presented much information about the existing data base and
theory for IEC operation. The potential for use in applications such as a neutron source
and related radiation sources (proton and x-ray) are well established. However the
ultimate goal is to develop a power-producing IEC. Better yet to do this taking
advantage of the unique ability of the IEC to use non-Maxwellian plasma to burn
advanced fuels to minimize radioactive and radiation emission involvement. However
the best current device results are 5 or 6 orders of magnitude down in energy gain Q
(energy out/ in) from breakeven. Thus it may appear that such a hope is many years
off. Fortunately, the IEC can be scaled up in energy gain while keeping a small size
since the losses are in velocity space (i.e. via ion upscattering out of the potential well
trap). This is in sharp contrast to Tokomaks where loses occur via diffusion across the
outer surface, so increased confinement times have been achieved by going to the
massively large ITER type devices. The problems and costs for construction of ITER
have thrown its development in to the distant future, making this approach ineffective
for addressing the present energy crisis (or as a LLNL associate director recently
bemoaned, "Fusion is irrelevant- no politicians even mention it in the energy scenario").
To provide the reader with some insight into the IEC "vision" for power, we next
present a conceptual proposal for a near term IEC breakeven experiment to prove the
physics of operation with aneutronic p- 11 B fuel. If such a program can be initiated
aggressively, the IEC could have a major impact on the energy crises.
DEMONSTRATION OF NET ENERGY GAIN USING IEC ANEUTRONIC
FUSION
The IEC is one of the few approaches to fusion that has the potential of burning
aneutronic fuels such as D-3He and p- 11 B in a reasonable scale device. This fuel results
in charged-particle reaction products which allow efficient use of direct energy
conversion technology with no direct greenhouse emissions and minimal radioactivity or
radioactive wastes. Such a power source has all of the features sought for future power
plants needed worldwide to turn the tide of the growing energy crisis. The experiment
proposed here would provide verifiable and reproducible proof of break-even conditions
necessary to burn p- 11B as a practical aneutronic fuel in an IEC fusion power-generating
device.
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Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 72 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.