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Defense Intelligence Reference Document Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion

Defense Intelligence Agency · 72 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Defense Intelligence Agency reference document, dated 10 March 2010, covers inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion. It was produced in FY 2009 under the DIA's Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) program. The report focuses on work at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and reviews IEC basics, experiments, theory and applications such as neutron sources, explosives detection and space propulsion. It concludes by proposing a breakeven experiment for p-11B fusion that uses a hydrogen plasma simulation.

  • p. 8 …This is important for long run times since 10n bombardment of the grids, hence grid wire…
  • p. 9 …This time can be restated in terms of the number of ion recirculations in the IEC…
  • p. 15 …This work and others on the small gridded systems at that time showed several important problems…
  • p. 17 …interesting concept is the idea of ion focusing, either in space or time, or some other…
  • p. 18 …confinement time for aneutronic fusion. This assumes, however, very precise control is maintained over the energy…
  • p. 23 …By selecting the pulse width to match or exceed the ion confinement time, typically order of…
  • p. 27 …This is the approach used at the UIUC. However, introduction of the source into the configuration…
  • p. 30 …The second jet would serve the integration purpose of the platform without having to expend time…
  • p. 35 …The issue then is how to achieve adequate confinement times. The approach being pursued at UIUC…
  • p. 36 …step in a timely fashion, however. The Dipole Assisted IEC (DaIEC) The dipole assisted IEC DaIEC…
  • p. 38 …in the current experiment. It is found that electron density increases about 17 times more than…
  • p. 41 …Namely, the time scale for collisional degradation of the beam-like ion distribution function is crucial…
  • p. 42 …would homogenize the speed within the ion beam a~er some time, making the speed difference…
  • p. 43 …1) The electrostatic well is deep enough (Eo > 100 kV); 2) Ion confinement time is long…
  • p. 44 …The source to sink issue noted several times here can be explained as follows. Two opposite…
  • p. 49 …The time convergence test suggests that employing the largest time step compatible with accuracy in a…
  • p. 50 …When an ion beam is hot, the waves excited by the instability are ion acoustic type…
  • p. 51 …used an analytical model of charge- exchange collisions in the IEC plasma to include ion time…
  • p. 53 …Nevins, Can inertial electrostatic confinement work beyond the ion-ion collisional time scale?" Phys. Plasmas, Vol…
  • p. 54 …This method uses a pulsed high-energy neutron source and the time-of-flight (TOF) diagnostics…
  • p. 57 …The longer the charge time, the higher the charge in the energy storage capacitor bank and…
  • p. 58 …The challenge in these systems is that the unloading time is short and the container is…
  • p. 59 …by the number of detectors, the detector configuration, the collimated beam size, the acquisition time, and…
  • p. 62 …The Tokamak has a shorter trip time by employing a power level that is six times…
  • p. 63 …In this fashion, an array of multiple IECs increase the overall confinement time roughly in proportion…
  • p. 64 …This recirculation significantly increases the confinement time verses that of a simple cusp devise, leading to…
  • p. 65 …This re-trapping greatly increases the confinement time of a MCSA fusion device. 58 UNCLASSIFIED/;CEiOAt…
  • p. 66 …in the IEC high power-to-weight of the MCSA enables fast trip times. The concept…
  • p. 67 …across the outer surface, so increased confinement times have been achieved by going to the massively…
  • p. 68 …Here n is the ion density and Tis the ion confinement time. Assuming the converged core…
  • p. 69 …A specially designed radio frequency (RF) ion gun is installed on the side of the chamber…
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5.3 G. H. Miley, R. Stubbers, J. Webber, H. Momota, "Magnetically-Channeled SIEC
Array (MCSA) Fusion Device for Interplanetary Missions", Space Technology and
Applications International Forum-STAIF 2004 (M.S. El Genk, Ed.) American Institute
of Physics Conf. Proceedings (2004).
5.4 H. Momota, G. H. Miley, and J. Nadler, "Direct Energy Conversion for IEC
Propulsions", Report to National Institute for Fusion Science of Japan, Report NISF-
641, ISSN 0915-633X, August (2000).
5.5 Y. Gu, M. Williams, R. Stubbers, G. Miley, "Pulsed Operation of Spherical Inertial-
Electrostatic Confinement Device," Proceeding of 12th Topical Meeting on the
Technology of Fusion Energy, ANS, Reno, NV, 16-20 June (1996), pp. 1342-1346.
Section VI. Possible Next Step Breakeven Experiment
The prior sections have presented much information about the existing data base and
theory for IEC operation. The potential for use in applications such as a neutron source
and related radiation sources (proton and x-ray) are well established. However the
ultimate goal is to develop a power-producing IEC. Better yet to do this taking
advantage of the unique ability of the IEC to use non-Maxwellian plasma to burn
advanced fuels to minimize radioactive and radiation emission involvement. However
the best current device results are 5 or 6 orders of magnitude down in energy gain Q
(energy out/ in) from breakeven. Thus it may appear that such a hope is many years
off. Fortunately, the IEC can be scaled up in energy gain while keeping a small size
since the losses are in velocity space (i.e. via ion upscattering out of the potential well
trap). This is in sharp contrast to Tokomaks where loses occur via diffusion across the
outer surface, so increased confinement times have been achieved by going to the
massively large ITER type devices. The problems and costs for construction of ITER
have thrown its development in to the distant future, making this approach ineffective
for addressing the present energy crisis (or as a LLNL associate director recently
bemoaned, "Fusion is irrelevant- no politicians even mention it in the energy scenario").
To provide the reader with some insight into the IEC "vision" for power, we next
present a conceptual proposal for a near term IEC breakeven experiment to prove the
physics of operation with aneutronic p- 11 B fuel. If such a program can be initiated
aggressively, the IEC could have a major impact on the energy crises.
DEMONSTRATION OF NET ENERGY GAIN USING IEC ANEUTRONIC
FUSION
The IEC is one of the few approaches to fusion that has the potential of burning
aneutronic fuels such as D-3He and p- 11 B in a reasonable scale device. This fuel results
in charged-particle reaction products which allow efficient use of direct energy
conversion technology with no direct greenhouse emissions and minimal radioactivity or
radioactive wastes. Such a power source has all of the features sought for future power
plants needed worldwide to turn the tide of the growing energy crisis. The experiment
proposed here would provide verifiable and reproducible proof of break-even conditions
necessary to burn p- 11B as a practical aneutronic fuel in an IEC fusion power-generating
device.
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Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 72 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.