“BEAMS”43 pages
- p. 5 …Sketch of Two Opposite Limits of the Beam·Maxwellian Equilibrium .. 38
Figure 4.5. The Definition…
- p. 6 …Comparison of Analytical and Numerical Estimates of Q-Values in a
Beam-Dominated Solution -- for a…
- p. 8 …shows the "Star
Mode" discharge where ion beams are created that pass through the grid openings…
- p. 9 …discussed later where the recirculating ions possess
beam-like trajectories passing through the center of the…
- p. 10 UNCLASSIFIED/ ;raA 8FFIIItliL ~81!! SHL'f
beam-like ions. Since electron energy loss processes such as…
- p. 11 …In addition, its beam-like reactions (highly non-Maxwellian)
make the IEC very well suited for…
- p. 13 …a beam created at the anode and accelerated by the applied cathode
voltage; a low-energy…
- p. 14 …Good convergence is required to achieve
optimal beam-beam reactivity scaling for the application that require…
- p. 15 …The observed
loss of convergence with decreasing pressure and increasing current makes achieving
significant beam-beam…
- p. 16 …For a power reactor the objective is to obtain ion
beam-beam collisions in this central…
- p. 17 …the "conventional" beam-like
one. A key issue for this concept is how much plasma compression…
- p. 19 …The
main beam observed is a direct path along the injector
angle. Other faint light channels…
- p. 21 …Note that six ion "guns" were used to create a low energy ion beam that entered…
- p. 22 UNCLASSIFIED/;SflHl 8FFIIItliL ~81!! 8HL'I'
was obtained from recirculation beam-beam reactions in a potential…
- p. 23 …The key physics point is
that the beam-beam fusion rate scales as the ion current…
- p. 26 …Scoping calculations of beam-background fusion rates predict that a 3 He- 3 He reaction
product…
- p. 27 …of the ion density squared
scaling for beam-beam reactions.
REFERENCES
2.1 R. L. Hirsch…
- p. 28 …As such, the beam convergence (compression) is
limited to lower values, hence lower core densities (an…
- p. 30 …by
the intersection of the multiple ion beams, serves to deflect ions into the escaping jet…
- p. 31 …The result is the
formation of the intense space charge neutralized ion beam (or "plasma jet…
- p. 32 …in the
symmetric microchannels into a directed beam or jet.
Comparison to a Conventional "Plasma" Thruster…
- p. 33 …The ion beams finally exit through an opening in the ground sphere of the IEC device…
- p. 35 …These devices operate with ~ 80- keV D-ion beams using the non-Maxwellian
character of the…
- p. 36 …Two ion sources inject
40-keV deuterium and helium-3 ion beams toward the center of…
- p. 37 …Indeed in this case fusion is dominated by beam-beam (non-
Maxwellian reactions). Also, the dipole…
- p. 38 …the center potential and consequently allow incoming
beam ions to penetrate into the core region. In…
- p. 39 …Comparison of Analytical and Numerical Estimates of Q-values in
a beam-Dominated Solution -- for a…
- p. 40 …Hora, "Converging Beam Neutron Source for
Driving a Sub-critical Fission Reactor", Proceedings, ICONE 8, CD…
- p. 41 …Namely, the time scale for
collisional degradation of the beam-like ion distribution function is crucial…
- p. 42 …For example, a tightly focused monoenergetic ion beam is in
fact a pessimistic scenario, because different…
- p. 44 …Thus, weak sinks and strong sources will result in a
large beam population, increasing the beam…
- p. 45 …Sketch of Two Opposite Limits of the Beam-Maxwellian Equilibrium. The solid line
corresponds to a…
- p. 46 …injected beam current, average injection energy, energy spread associated
with the velocity component in both parallel…
- p. 47 …As stated in Section I, the current scaling
for beam-beam reactions is strictly 12. However…
- p. 48 …is very encouraging for formation of deep wells
in IEC devices designed for reactors using beam…
- p. 49 …To do this, it is
assumed that the electrostatic confinement equilibrium ion beams are proportional to…
- p. 50 …When an ion beam is hot, the waves excited by the instability are ion acoustic
type…
- p. 51 …Rider was particularly interested in the claim that due to its beam-like non-
Maxwellian plasma…
- p. 52 …Diagram Showing Equipotential
Surfaces of the IEC Cathode Grid and Their
Focusing Effect on a Beam…
- p. 59 …of detectors, the detector configuration, the collimated
beam size, the acquisition time, and other scan-related…
- p. 63 …Alternately, for space
propulsion, the proton beam, augmented by injection of heavy atoms to increase the…
- p. 68 …Due to its inherent non-Maxwellian (beam-like)
plasma, the IEC is especially well suited for…
- p. 70 …This configuration is highly
non-Maxwellian due to the beam
dominated nature of the trapped ions…
UNCLASSIFIED//509 QFFliI.«1k WHIE 8HLV
In summary, if the physics principles
are demonstrated successfully, the
MCSA fusion power plant will offer
numerous advantages for space
propulsion as well as for terrestrial
power sources. The non-Maxwellian
plasma involved is well suited for
operation with D- 3He fuel that provides
much of the energy output in the form
of very energetic 14-MeV protons.
Proton energy can be employed for
either direct conversion to electricity or
directed thrust. As demonstrated in the
Fusion Ship II design study, the MCSA
power plant is especially well suited for
manned deep space missions where the
hid~..,;,,,
Entennla'
\
Figure 5.10. Diagram of Direction Randomization
(KAM effect) Due to the Magnetic Field Null Region
in the IEC
high power-to-weight of the MCSA enables fast trip times. The concept introduces
several important new physics. The basic concept of the MCSA system is use of
recirculation from escaping particles from one unit into the neighboring one where
retrapping occurs. These physical principles have not yet been demonstrated
experimentally, but formulated initial tests could be done with a modest size
experiment and stepped up in size to eventually demonstrate a full-scale prototype
power unit.
CONCLUDING REMARKS
This section has concentrated on various near-term "spin off" applications of
neutron/proton/x-ray sources and also non-electrical power applications such as space
propulsion. The homeland security inspection station described here show how versatile
the IEC concept is, allowing mufti-device broad area inspection. Space propulsion and
related space power seems quite far term due to the large size powers demanded for
such applications. However, the possibility of using magnetic coupling of smaller unit
provides a modular approach that has many advantages, plus expediting development
by allowing concentration on the smaller modules. In addition, use of near-tern
electrically driven IEC jet plasma devices allows a "product" along the way to the
eventual development of the high power fusion devices.
REFERENCES
5.1 G. H. Miley, L. Wu, H.J. Kim, Nuclear Techniques in National Security Studies on
Contraband Detections IEC-based neutron generator for security inspection system",
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, Vol. 263, No. 1 (2005) pp.159-
164.
5.2 R. Burton, H. Momota, N. Richardson, Y. Shaban, and G. H. Miley, "Fusion Ship
59
II- A Fast Manned Interplanetary Space Vehicle Using Inertial Electrostatic Fusion",
Space Technology and Applications International Forum - STAIF-2003, Albuquerque,
NM, 654, Feb 2-5 (2003) (M.S. EI-Genk, ed.), American Institute of Physics Conf.
Proceedings, pp. 553-562.
UNCLASSIFIED/;CFOPt OFFiil11J.k leUiEii SU.klJ.'