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Defense Intelligence Reference Document Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion

Defense Intelligence Agency · 72 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Defense Intelligence Agency reference document, dated 10 March 2010, covers inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion. It was produced in FY 2009 under the DIA's Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) program. The report focuses on work at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and reviews IEC basics, experiments, theory and applications such as neutron sources, explosives detection and space propulsion. It concludes by proposing a breakeven experiment for p-11B fusion that uses a hydrogen plasma simulation.

  • p. 7 …Emphasis is placed on work in these areas at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, although…
  • p. 8 …of how inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion works. Gas ~ccd I in~ Spherical Vacuum . Chamber !!1…
  • p. 10 …While Hirsh worked with Farnsworth to demonstrate early experimental success with IEC experiments (Reference 1.2…
  • p. 11 …Such work was soon taken up in several other laboratories, including Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL…
  • p. 12 …electron) injected traps (as does the present author's work). This selection was largely driven by…
  • p. 15 …This work and others on the small gridded systems at that time showed several important problems…
  • p. 17 …Recent work has shown that by properly programming the distribution function of the injected electrons it…
  • p. 18 …Results indicate that although the formalism works well during the early phases of compression, when the…
  • p. 21 …Hirsch Working With Philo Farnsworth I' I'· 0 ,,, 10•u w "',. ~ 40~ CRONS D- -,C •~7…
  • p. 22 …This worked well, but the design was eventually discarded to move to RF guns with much…
  • p. 23 …This work substituted a metallic hybrid getter for the external pumping on the IEC chamber. With…
  • p. 24 …Another important example of the use of a compact IEC neutron source is the work at…
  • p. 25 …2.7) The IEC developed for this work used a magnetron ion generation technique to improve…
  • p. 26 …Still the design worked reasonably well for the initial mine detection experiments. Unfortunately, the project was…
  • p. 27 …as shown by the hybrid magnetron source work in Japan. Another point noted is the advantage…
  • p. 29 …As already noted, the basic physics of this version was originally studied in pioneering work by…
  • p. 30 …Relation to Other Prior Thrusters NASA and other laboratories have worked toward developing advanced Hall Thrusters…
  • p. 31 …Indeed, the thruster concept arose from work on a fusion based IEC (Reference 3.5). To…
  • p. 32 …Khachan's work. It too looks very promising. 25 UNCLASSIFIED/ ,u;oAt OFFIGIPk IP&'i OIIU{
  • p. 35 …at the UIUC and several other laboratories working on IECs. The issue then is how to…
  • p. 39 …In follow-on work, they simplified the modeling of charge exchange with an analytical approach to…
  • p. 40 …Satsangi, "Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Experiments at Low Working Pressure," Prepared under U.S. Army contract DAAK…
  • p. 42 …In Chacon's work, a bounce-averaged Fokker-Planck (BAFP) model was employed to obtain steady…
  • p. 45 …Before discussing this work, some definitions for the potential well structure will be reviewed. POTENTIAL WELL…
  • p. 48 …However, much more work needs to be done along these lines to fully identify the optimal…
  • p. 52 …As pointed out by Khachan his work noted D2+ becomes more significant in lower voltages). In…
  • p. 53 …Nevins, Can inertial electrostatic confinement work beyond the ion-ion collisional time scale?" Phys. Plasmas, Vol…
  • p. 70 …Chacon's work, thermalized ions build up and additional quasi- Maxwellian distriution in the trap). Still…
  • p. 71 …To accomplish this result quickly on a modest budget, we need to simplify the work by…
UNCLASSIFIEDf ;retl 8ffllil.t.k WE'lii '"" X
• Tetryl (Nitramine, C?HsNsOs) with p = 1.93 g/cm 3 .
• Landmine - includes plastic explosives, such as Semtex, which is made of RDX and
PETN, and C-4, which is made of RDX.
B. Nuclear Materials such as natural uranium (U-238) and weapon grade with enriched
(U-235). Testing can be done with this natural uranium which can be obtained without
special restrictions.
C. Drugs like Cocaine (CuH21NO4) and Heroin ( C21H2JNOs ) are of high in C and H, low
in O and low-medium Cl densities.
D. Common articles such as ethanol alcohol/wine (C2H6O) with p = 0. 789 g/cm3,
clothes like silk (C3HnN3O6) with p = 0.789 g/cm3, and nylon (C6H11NO) with p = 1.1
g/cm3, and metal utensils, including knives.
The list provides a guide for use of articles for simulation testing in the IEC inspection
station. Fortunately, the combination of sources in the integrated station provides good
coverage of this wide variety of items. Conventional single source units suffer "gaps" in
coverage.
Pulsed Power for the Inspection Station
Advanced materials and methods are used in its design to minimize weight and size.
This extends use of stationary units (e.g. at airports) to mobile platforms such as vans,
law enforcement vehicles or light military trucks. Figure 5.1 shows a block diagram of
the power control circuits.
c•~;. cecs;e ~ '•;;,-,'..''~" ;a; H"
i
I
I
Figure 5.1. Block Diagram of the IEC Pulsed Power System
The power is taken from the platform power system and can be either 12-48 VDC or
single phase 120 VAC. The high voltage power supply is a solid-state switch-mode
inverter followed by a voltage multiplier circuit that incrementally steps the voltage up
a series of capacitors fed by high voltage diodes. The energy storage unit is composed
of high voltage capacitor segments with a low series inductance and resistance. The
capacitor bank is charged and discharged at the pulse repetition rate. The custom
capacitor sections are engineered to withstand the mechanical stress caused by rapid
charge/discharge cycling. The nominal capacitor bank voltage is 120 kV at full pulse
power output. A triggered spark gap is used to switch rapidly a high-energy pulse of
current from the capacitor bank to pulse modulate the magnetron. The triggered gap is
a compound three-element spark gap design. The arc is sustained until the capacitor
49
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Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 72 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.