Documents / Report

Defense Intelligence Reference Document Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion

Defense Intelligence Agency · 72 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Defense Intelligence Agency reference document, dated 10 March 2010, covers inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion. It was produced in FY 2009 under the DIA's Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) program. The report focuses on work at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and reviews IEC basics, experiments, theory and applications such as neutron sources, explosives detection and space propulsion. It concludes by proposing a breakeven experiment for p-11B fusion that uses a hydrogen plasma simulation.

  • p. 8 …hence a good probability of fusing before being lost from the fusion reaction chamber. In the…
  • p. 11 …If it can, the device would be simpler and smaller than a Tokamak, making it an…
  • p. 14 …However, they showed that grid deformation could be very harmful. This deserves several comments. First, the…
  • p. 15 …Again, this issue will be addressed further later. While earlier workers sought small grid openings designed…
  • p. 17 …More insights will be provided throughout this report, but the reader is encouraged to study the…
  • p. 19 …Upscattering out of the well must be minimized while electron 12 UNCLASSIFIED//EOAt OFFIQI.«1k 11181…
  • p. 29 …It operates by convergence of ions created between the grid and wall onto a small volume…
  • p. 30 …Such thrusters, however, do not scale well to lower powers for small satellites, nor are exhaust…
  • p. 33 …first, the channel grid will be separately hinged with a small servo motor such that its…
  • p. 35 …Thus, the mass of the IEC jet thruster system can potentially be reduced compared to a…
  • p. 43 …More insight into this can be obtained from the distribution functions for trapped ions, sketched in…
  • p. 44 …The source to sink issue noted several times here can be explained as follows. Two opposite…
  • p. 47 …However, since the fusion core radius in these calculations is very small on the order of…
  • p. 49 …instability in finite spherical systems may be excited for small beam velocities compared to those of…
  • p. 50 …However, an experimental study should be performed to verify this result. RIDER - ENERGY BALANCE STUDY Todd…
  • p. 53 …In addition, since both D-D and D- 3He reactions can be used for proton production…
  • p. 54 …This can be viewed as a small scale soft source for individual laboratory studies such as…
  • p. 55 …The 14.1-MeV neutrons from the D-T reaction will be the primary source for…
  • p. 59 …Due to their small size, they can be used in a large array along with TOF…
  • p. 65 …If vis large compared to v11, the effective scattering angle will be large, resulting in retrapping…
  • p. 67 …Fortunately, the IEC can be scaled up in energy gain while keeping a small size since…
  • p. 68 …The small size of the IEC is a key characteristic. If rapid development is to be…
  • p. 71 …In other words, this could also be thought of as a Q=100 DT equivalent breakeven…
UNCLASSIFIED/ ;raA 8FFlil.l1k WE&i &Ilk¥
Figures
Figure 1.1. An UIUC Spherical IEC .......................................................................... 1
Figure 1.2. Idealized Potential Structure Calculated by Hirsch for Monoenergetic
Ions With No Angular Momentum ......................................................... 6
Figure 1.3. Discharge Modes in Gridded Devices Identified by Miley ...................... 9
Figure 1.4. Photo of Star Mode Seen Through a Reaction Vessel Port Window ....... 9
Figure 1.5. Schematic of the UIUC RF Gun Injector for IEC Experiments .............. 11
Figure 1.6. RF Gun Attached to an IEC Chamber in the UIUC Laboratory .............. 12
Figure 1.7. Photo of Center Spot Formation ......................................................... 12
Figure 2.1. The "Historic" Early IEC Ion Injection Experiment ............................. 14
Figure 2.2. Neutron Rates Measured With the IEC Neutron Rates Measured With
the IEC of Figure 2.1 Exceeded 10 9 DT n/s at 150 kV ......................... 14
Figure 2.3. Photograph of a STAR Mode Discharge ............................................... 16
Figure 2.4. IEC Landmine Detection Project at Kyoto University .......................... 17
Figure 2.5. Scheme for Landmine Detection Using a Hybrid Magnetron Type
IEC Neutron Source ............................................................................ 18
Figure 2.6. 3He Ion Source for Use in 3He • 3 He Fusion Rate Studies at the u Of
Wisconsin ........................................................................................... 19
Figure 3.1. Two Types of Cylindrical IECs ............................................................. 22
Figure 3.2. Jet Operational Mode in Experimental IEC Device and Jet Set-Up ...... 24
Figure 3.3. Illustration of the IEC Jet Thruster Experiment Showing Central
Grid and Two Jet Grids ....................................................................... 27
Figure 3.4. Dipole Reactor Propulsion Scheme ..................................................... 29
Figure 3.5. Dipole Magnetic Field and Layout of Devices ...................................... 30
Figure 3.6. Electron Density Vs. Dipole Magnet Field Strength at 25mtorr, 20mA 31
Figure 4.1. Cross Section of the Experimental Layout of the PFX-I Experiment .... 34
Figure 4.2. Detail of the Anode and the Ion Injection Port in PFX-I ..................... 35
Figure 4.3. Plot of the Q-Value ............................................................................. 37
Figure 4.4. Sketch of Two Opposite Limits of the Beam·Maxwellian Equilibrium .. 38
Figure 4.5. The Definition of the Double Well Depth ............................................. 39
Figure 4.6. The Definition of the Parallel and Perpendicular Velocities at the IEC
Cathode Grid ...................................................................................... 39
Figure 4.7. The Double Well Potential Calculated With IXL Code .......................... 40
Figure 4.8. Ion Density Profile for Potential Well ................................................. 40
Figure 4.9. The D-D Fusion Reaction Rate Versus Cathode Current ...................... 40
Figure 4.10. Plot of Growth Rate of Spherically Converging/Diverging Ion•Beam
Instability ......................................................................................... 42
Figure 4.11. Diagram Showing Equipotential Surfaces of the IEC Cathode Grid .. 45
Figure 4.12. Results for Calculations for Ion Energy Distributions pt Pass .......... 45
Figure 5.1. Block Diagram of the IEC Pulsed Power System ................................. 49
Figure 5.2. Schematic (View From Top) of a Broad Coverage IEC Inspection
System for Luggage Inspection .......................................................... 51
Figure 5.3. Further Illustration of the Integrated System for Airport Luggage
Inspection .......................................................................................... 53
Figure 5.4. Further Illustration of the Integrated System for Ship Container
Inspection .......................................................................................... 53
Figure S.S. Image of a Fusion II Spaceship, a 750·MWe IEC Fusion·Powered
Manned Spacecraft With Ion Thruster Propulsion .............................. 54
Figure 5.6. Scale Schematic of Fusion Ship II, a 750·MWe IEC Fusion
Spacecraft .......................................................................................... 55
Figure 5.7. Illustration of a Three-Unit MCSA Device ............................................ 57
Figure S.S. Diagram of Belt-Cusp Fields and Particle Recirculation ...................... 57
V
UNCLASSIFIED/ ,u;oAt OFFIGIPk IP&'&i Ollk¥

Not linked to a story yet.

About this file

Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 72 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.