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This Defense Intelligence Agency reference document, dated 10 March 2010, covers inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion. It was produced in FY 2009 under the DIA's Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) program. The report focuses on work at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and reviews IEC basics, experiments, theory and applications such as neutron sources, explosives detection and space propulsion. It concludes by proposing a breakeven experiment for p-11B fusion that uses a hydrogen plasma simulation.
“small beings”23 pages
UNCLASSIFIED/ ;cl (Nomenclature defined in Reference 6.1) algorithm, H.J. Kim developed a fully implicit particle-in-cell scheme and implemented it using a Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov algorithm that does not require actual formation and storage of the Jacobian matrix to minimize the computational costs. The scheme features the following properties: 1) fully implicit method where all quantities of both the particle and the field equations are consistent at each time step, and 2) a good property for energy conservations. H.J. Kim's study verified that the algorithm correctly handles the typical electrostatic modes. For example, the results agree with the linear dispersion relations for simple limits of two cold electron counter-streaming instabilities, electron Landau damping, and ion acoustic waves. The simulation experience presented here demonstrates the energy conservation property of the systems and the efficacy of nonlinear solver combined with an efficient pre-conditioning which is derived from the nonlinear Poisson equation and particle description relations. For ion acoustic waves, the maximum variation in the total energy is much less than 0.1 percent, indicating that a fully implicit technique performs well in that particular simulation. The number of linear and nonlinear iterations is significantly reduced when the preconditioner is applied. In fact, for the case of linear iterations, the iteration number of a preconditioned linear system is 10 times smaller than that of a linear solver without precondition er. In addition, grid convergence test shows that the scaling of CPU time is virtually linear according to the grid number. The time convergence test suggests that employing the largest time step compatible with accuracy in a given calculation is the most efficient route for obtaining the solution because the CPU time decreases as the time step increases. H.J. Kim performed a normal mode analysis of the ion-ion counter-streaming instability in a spherical inertial electrostatic confinement in order to gain insights into the ion- injected inertial electrostatic confinement equilibrium configuration. To do this, it is assumed that the electrostatic confinement equilibrium ion beams are proportional to 1/r2, effectively neutralizing the background electron density. It is evident from the analysis of cold ion beams that two-stream instability in finite spherical systems may be excited for small beam velocities compared to those of homogeneous and infinite 42 UNCLASSIFIED/ /f8R 8fflliil.«1k W&lii Si'llk¥
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Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 72 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.