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Defense Intelligence Reference Document Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion

Defense Intelligence Agency · 72 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Defense Intelligence Agency reference document, dated 10 March 2010, covers inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion. It was produced in FY 2009 under the DIA's Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) program. The report focuses on work at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and reviews IEC basics, experiments, theory and applications such as neutron sources, explosives detection and space propulsion. It concludes by proposing a breakeven experiment for p-11B fusion that uses a hydrogen plasma simulation.

  • p. 8 …hence a good probability of fusing before being lost from the fusion reaction chamber. In the…
  • p. 11 …If it can, the device would be simpler and smaller than a Tokamak, making it an…
  • p. 14 …However, they showed that grid deformation could be very harmful. This deserves several comments. First, the…
  • p. 15 …Again, this issue will be addressed further later. While earlier workers sought small grid openings designed…
  • p. 17 …More insights will be provided throughout this report, but the reader is encouraged to study the…
  • p. 19 …Upscattering out of the well must be minimized while electron 12 UNCLASSIFIED//EOAt OFFIQI.«1k 11181…
  • p. 29 …It operates by convergence of ions created between the grid and wall onto a small volume…
  • p. 30 …Such thrusters, however, do not scale well to lower powers for small satellites, nor are exhaust…
  • p. 33 …first, the channel grid will be separately hinged with a small servo motor such that its…
  • p. 35 …Thus, the mass of the IEC jet thruster system can potentially be reduced compared to a…
  • p. 43 …More insight into this can be obtained from the distribution functions for trapped ions, sketched in…
  • p. 44 …The source to sink issue noted several times here can be explained as follows. Two opposite…
  • p. 47 …However, since the fusion core radius in these calculations is very small on the order of…
  • p. 49 …instability in finite spherical systems may be excited for small beam velocities compared to those of…
  • p. 50 …However, an experimental study should be performed to verify this result. RIDER - ENERGY BALANCE STUDY Todd…
  • p. 53 …In addition, since both D-D and D- 3He reactions can be used for proton production…
  • p. 54 …This can be viewed as a small scale soft source for individual laboratory studies such as…
  • p. 55 …The 14.1-MeV neutrons from the D-T reaction will be the primary source for…
  • p. 59 …Due to their small size, they can be used in a large array along with TOF…
  • p. 65 …If vis large compared to v11, the effective scattering angle will be large, resulting in retrapping…
  • p. 67 …Fortunately, the IEC can be scaled up in energy gain while keeping a small size since…
  • p. 68 …The small size of the IEC is a key characteristic. If rapid development is to be…
  • p. 71 …In other words, this could also be thought of as a Q=100 DT equivalent breakeven…
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low fuel leakage and extreme maneuverability make it a near-term competitor with
other devices such as Hall thrusters for future commercial thruster applications in the
multi-kW range. The extension to a p- 11B self-powered unit would resolve many
problems anticipated as larger power requirements develop. It would be extendable to
large power units needed for eventual fast deep space propulsion. Much more research
and development is required to ensure that step in a timely fashion, however.
The Dipole Assisted IEC (DaIEC)
The dipole assisted IEC DaIEC is similar to the IEC concept discussed above except a
dipole magnet is located in the center of two hemispherical grids (Reference 3.9). The
DaIEC was first proposed by G. Miley at the UIUC and has been under investigation
there. This concept is closely related to the levitated dipole reactor (Reference 3.10)
but is much simpler, being smaller and not requiring levitation. It also differs
considerably in the physics of the associate plasma confinement. Two ion sources inject
40-keV deuterium and helium-3 ion beams toward the center of the dipole magnet. The
magnetic field will compress the ion beams by trapping ions along the magnetic field
lines; therefore, they fuse within the dipole magnet. The products of the D- 3He fusion
reaction are 14.7-MeV protons and 4-MeV alpha particles. These can be used for direct
charged particle propulsion or direct conversion to electricity (or both- propulsion and
station keeping). A schematic of the setup is shown in Figure 3.4.
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Stabilizing COIi
Figure 3.4. Dipole Reactor Propulsion Scheme
Those ions that exit toward the right in Figure 3.4 are trapped by the magnetic field
produced by the stabilizing coil and are exhausted to produce thrust. Since the
magnetic field does not close at the nozzle but is open, protons and particles are not
required to be neutralized. This configuration of the magnetic field in the DaIEC system
reduces the mechanical components. A neutralizer (electron injection into the exhaust)
will be required in this system so as to avoid possible charging up at nozzle.
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Report, from the dia collection. The PDF is mirrored here; the original link is under it. 72 pages are in the text index: search them above, or from the library's search.