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Defense Intelligence Reference Document Antigravity For Aerospace Applications

Defense Intelligence Agency · 44 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Defense Intelligence Reference Document (DIA-08-1003-018), dated 30 March 2010, was produced by the Defense Intelligence Agency as part of its FY 2009 Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) Program. It reviews theoretical approaches to antigravity for aerospace propulsion, drawing on Newtonian physics, general relativity, cosmological dark energy and quantum vacuum effects. The report notes that no current technology can actively control gravity and that many concepts are far from practicable engineering.

  • p. 8 …Rockets like the Air Force DC-XA can hover above the ground for a time that…
  • p. 10 …If the current (I) in the wire increases with time, then the magnetic field B inside…
  • p. 11 …the torus, 'Pis the time rate-of-change of the mass current flowing through the pipe…
  • p. 13 …x3 -= space coordinates and .0' = time coordinate. The Schwarzschild metric is: ds7 = -(1 - 2GM/c7r)c7dt…
  • p. 15 …46), violations of the second law of thermodynamics (Reference 47,48), and time machines (Reference 22…
  • p. 16 …In this case the time-time component of the Ricci curvature tensor (R_uv) is given…
  • p. 17 …the standard spherically symmetric spacetime (or Schwarzschild) coordinate system (l.r,8,cp) in which time…
  • p. 18 …the right- hand-side of Equation (14), which has become widespread practice in modern times, then…
  • p. 20 …Because A is a constant, the vacuum energy is a constant (that is, time independent). This…
  • p. 21 …To consider other possibilities one evaluates the time evolution of the general relativistic conservation law for…
  • p. 22 UNCLASSIFIED//F81il 8FFI1il.t.k Wfili &,.kY the efficacy of using Type Ia supernovae as a…
  • p. 26 …the self-force (times dipole size) is exactly equal to the gravitational equivalent of the electrostatic…
  • p. 27 …0 and the total energy of the system is zero at all times regardless of speed…
  • p. 28 …1) one part from a2(w)E2 due to the effect of external time-dependent electric…
  • p. 29 …in a time that is too short to deliver the required thrust to the vehicle. Therefore…
  • p. 30 …The technologies used for producing negative energy are nascent, and so it will be some time…
  • p. 31 …At the time of this writing these effects were being reported but not yet independently confirmed…
  • p. 34 …the expense of increasing the noise in the conjugate observable; at the same time the variations…
  • p. 37 …product space), where ~H is the real line defining the time dimension for this particular product…
  • p. 38 …If the acceleration varies with time, the conductor will generally emit or absorb photons (that is…
  • p. 40 …R., The Large-Scale Structure of Space-Time, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1973, pp. 88-91…
  • p. 41 …S., and Yurtsever, U., "Wormholes, time machines, and the weak energy conditions," Physical Review Letters, Vol…
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weaker fluctuations and thus less energy density than the vacuum at locations where
cos 2[oi(t- z/c)] ~ 1 and sin 2 [co(t - z/c)] sinh S is met. It turns out that this is always true for every
nonzero value of S, so PE-,4,." becomes negative at some point in the cycle for a general
squeezed vacuum state. On another note, when a quantum state is close to a squeezed
vacuum state, there will almost always be some negative energy densities present.
GRAVITATIONALLY SQUEEZED ELECTROMAGNETIC ZERO-POINT
FLUCTUATIONS
A natural source of negative energy comes from the effect that gravitational fields (of
astronomical bodies) in space have upon the surrounding quantum vacuum. For
example, the gravitational field of the Earth produces a zone of negative energy around
it by dragging some of the virtual quanta (aka vacuum ZPF) downward. This concept
was initially developed in the 1970s as a byproduct of studies on quantum field theory
in curved space (Reference 37). However, Hochberg and Kephart (Reference 33)
derived an important application of this concept to the problem of creating and
stabilizing traversable wormholes. They showed that one can utilize the negative energy
densities, which arise from distortion of the vacuum ZPF due to the interaction with a
prescribed gravitational background, for providing a violation of the energy conditions.
The squeezed quantum states of quantum optics provide a natural form of matter
having negative energy density. The corresponding local vacuum state energy density
ispE-i:"•" =-2nchc//c.j, where/, is the ZPF mode wavelength under consideration in the
gravitational squeezing effect (Reference 70).
The analysis, via quantum optics, showed that gravitation itself provides the
mechanism for generating the squeezed vacuum states needed to support stable
traversable wormholes. The production of negative energy densities via a squeezed
vacuum is a necessary and unavoidable consequence of the interaction or coupling
between ordinary matter and gravity, and this defines what is meant by gravitationally
squeezed vacuum states. One is presently unaware of any way to artificially produce
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