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Defense Intelligence Reference Document Antigravity For Aerospace Applications

Defense Intelligence Agency · 44 pages · text from the file's own layer

This Defense Intelligence Reference Document (DIA-08-1003-018), dated 30 March 2010, was produced by the Defense Intelligence Agency as part of its FY 2009 Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) Program. It reviews theoretical approaches to antigravity for aerospace propulsion, drawing on Newtonian physics, general relativity, cosmological dark energy and quantum vacuum effects. The report notes that no current technology can actively control gravity and that many concepts are far from practicable engineering.

  • p. 6 …Instead, aerospace vehicles will only need to have the propellant mass and infrastructure necessary to change…
  • p. 7 …Observe in Equation (1) that the force of gravity acting on a small test mass becomes…
  • p. 8 …Its gravitational acceleration is ag = 4Gp,, where p is the mass density of the disk and…
  • p. 9 …One example of an antigravity generator is based on a system of accelerated masses whose mass…
  • p. 10 …As shown in Figure 2, a mass flow T through a pipe wound around a torus…
  • p. 11 …As shown in Figure 3, an inside-out turning ring of very dense mass (M) will…
  • p. 12 …1) any mass with a velocity and an acceleration exerts many different general relativistic forces on…
  • p. 13 …Felber's analysis includes examples where he uses black holes for the large source mass. This…
  • p. 14 …second and higher-order in the source mass velocity. To invent a relativistic driver for a…
  • p. 16 …For example, the Earth's mass density is 5,500 kg/m 3 so Ron"" 4…
  • p. 17 …Thus the mass Min Equation (9) can be replaced with the negative energy density -pE* = -pc2…
  • p. 18 …same speed II has an effective gravitational mass density of p(l + u2/c2). Thus, for…
  • p. 21 …Temo/m (Temo is absolute temperature, mis mass), while a relativistic gas (of radiation) hasp= p…
  • p. 22 …present-day value of the total cosmological mass density of (ordinary and dark) matter (Reference 54…
  • p. 23 …Also, the second term is independent of the interacting particle masses and can only be measured…
  • p. 24 …a gravitational field behaves like a negative mass (Reference 63). Fc,,_c;,.," is actually the sum…
  • p. 25 …the rest-Casimir energy and rest-mechanical mass whereby the contribution of the vacuum ZPF leads…
  • p. 27 …At this distance, the effective total gravitational mass Md,r + UJ;1Jc2 = o and the self…
  • p. 28 …4 x 10-15 m/s2 (mH = mass of hydrogen atom). For the case of two…
  • p. 29 …1, where F11uu,, is the total gravity-induced thrust, M,ch is the vehicle mass, mA…
  • p. 30 …Presently, the technology does not exist to achieve the astronomical mass densities, extreme velocities or accelerations…
  • p. 39 …Co., Reading, Mass., 1971, pp. 10. 2 Forward, R. L., Future Magic: How Today's Science…
  • p. 43 …campo gravitazionale uniforme e sul peso delle masse elettromagnetiche," Nuovo Cimento, Vol. 22, 1921, pp. 176…
UNCLASSIFIED//FIHl &FFlill k YEE ODIi Y
weaker fluctuations and thus less energy density than the vacuum at locations where
cos 2[oi(t- z/c)] ~ 1 and sin 2 [co(t - z/c)] sinh S is met. It turns out that this is always true for every
nonzero value of S, so PE-,4,." becomes negative at some point in the cycle for a general
squeezed vacuum state. On another note, when a quantum state is close to a squeezed
vacuum state, there will almost always be some negative energy densities present.
GRAVITATIONALLY SQUEEZED ELECTROMAGNETIC ZERO-POINT
FLUCTUATIONS
A natural source of negative energy comes from the effect that gravitational fields (of
astronomical bodies) in space have upon the surrounding quantum vacuum. For
example, the gravitational field of the Earth produces a zone of negative energy around
it by dragging some of the virtual quanta (aka vacuum ZPF) downward. This concept
was initially developed in the 1970s as a byproduct of studies on quantum field theory
in curved space (Reference 37). However, Hochberg and Kephart (Reference 33)
derived an important application of this concept to the problem of creating and
stabilizing traversable wormholes. They showed that one can utilize the negative energy
densities, which arise from distortion of the vacuum ZPF due to the interaction with a
prescribed gravitational background, for providing a violation of the energy conditions.
The squeezed quantum states of quantum optics provide a natural form of matter
having negative energy density. The corresponding local vacuum state energy density
ispE-i:"•" =-2nchc//c.j, where/, is the ZPF mode wavelength under consideration in the
gravitational squeezing effect (Reference 70).
The analysis, via quantum optics, showed that gravitation itself provides the
mechanism for generating the squeezed vacuum states needed to support stable
traversable wormholes. The production of negative energy densities via a squeezed
vacuum is a necessary and unavoidable consequence of the interaction or coupling
between ordinary matter and gravity, and this defines what is meant by gravitationally
squeezed vacuum states. One is presently unaware of any way to artificially produce
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