lop
treaty. The Convention permits defensively oriented includes reconnaissance and signal intelligence efforts
BW programs which the Soviets are known to have. to identify and locate NATO's electronic control sys-
available evidence do not tems and to determine their vulnerabilities. In the
treat oliensive use of biological weapons. We assume, Soviet view, radioelectronic combat is to be integrated
however, that the Soviets are continuing research on into all phases of warfare, and we expect that NATO's
biological agents, and that they have facilities which intelligence and electronic control systems at all levels
could be used to produce biological weapons if a would be subject to concerted electronic and physical
decision were made to do so. attack.
E. Electronic Warfare F. Soviet Views of NATO's Military Capabilities
31. The Soviets have a broad-based policy concern- 32. The Soviets respect the capabilities of NATO's
ing electronic warfare-"radioclectronic combat" in armed forces and are keenly aware of NATO's eco-
the Soviet lexicon-and have made it a fundamental nomic potential and its ability, given time, to mobilize
part of their battle planning at the tactical and additional forces. (See figure I-4.) In measuring the
strategic level. The Soviet concept of radioelectronic magnitude of the threat in Europe, they probably
combat is considerably broader than the US concept of include France, inasmuch as France is still a member
electronic warfare. It encompasses jamming, camou- of NATO, continues to participate in some joint
flage, concealment and deception, and operations to planning with NATO commanders, and maintains
destroy NATO's intelligence and electronic control some 50,000 troops in West Germany. The Soviets
systems, especially those for nuclear forces, while probably also weigh the potential contribution of non-
protecting the USSR's own systems and forces. It also NATO countries such as Sweden and Spain.
Selected Indexes of NATO and Warsaw Pact Military Potential Figure 14
Population Labor Force GNP Total Armed Forces
Millions Millions Billion USS Thousands
565 5,606
4,911 1,206
Other
347 374
3,509 2,828
Other
113 -
235818
NATO Pact NATO Pact NATO Pact NATO Pact
~Set
579012 .,9 c,.
189